How cryptocurrency works

To super simplify this answer, A currency owner uses their wallet software and their “private keys” to initiates a transaction (represented by messages) to send money to someone else’s cryptocurrency address. That message is queued for verification by “mining” computers. Once verified the transaction is recorded in a public ledger called blockchain. At this point, the receiver becomes the new owner of that amount sent and he/she can now use that cryptocurrency for some other purpose. The entire transaction uses a super high-grade encryption to ensure that no one can hack the transaction